Designed by Sir Alec Issigonis, the cars were sold as the Mini with the Cooper being added as part of a performance version designed in cooperation with auto-racing legend John Cooper. When BMW sought to introduce a line of compact cars in the 1990s, they acquired the Rover Group and turned their attention to the Mini Cooper line. In 2001, BMW launched the new generation of Mini, available in three variations, the Cooper, Cooper S, and One versions.

1. Mini Cooper Owners Manual 2015

In 2004, they launched the Mini convertible which replaced the hatchback of the previous model with a drop-down tailgate. In 2007, BMW introduced the first diesel Mini known as the Cooper D.

Changes to the 2008 model included a longer body style and wheelbase which increased cargo space and rear leg room. In 2011, the company released of the first Mini crossover SUV, the Mini Cooper S Countryman, which included four doors and an optional all-wheel-drive powertrain. BMW continues to experiment with the Mini Cooper design with the introduction of two-seater coupe models, roadsters and more.

. (1959-1968). (1968-1986). (1986-2000) Website Mini (stylised as MINI) is a British automotive, owned by since 2000, and used by them for a range of. The word Mini has been used in car model names since 1959, and in 1969 it became a marque in its own right when the name 'Mini' replaced the separate 'Austin Mini' and 'Morris Mini' car model names.

BMW acquired the marque in 1994 when it bought (formerly ), which owned Mini, among other brands. The original was a line of iconic British small cars manufactured by the, and its successors. Their models included the and the Austin Seven, the, 1275GT and. Performance versions of these models used the name, due to a partnership with racing legend.

The original two-door Mini continued in production until 2000. Development of a successor began in 1995 and the new generation car was launched in 2001.

The current Mini range includes the (three-door hatchback), , (five-door ), and (three-door crossover based on the Countryman). The Mini was originally a product of the British Motor Corporation, which in 1966 became part of. British Motor Holdings merged with in 1968 to form. In the 1980s, British Leyland was broken-up and in 1988 Rover Group, including Mini, was acquired. In 1994, Rover Group was acquired by BMW. In 2000, Rover Group was broken up by BMW, with BMW retaining the Mini brand. The Mini Hatch/Hardtop, Clubman, Coupe and Roadster are assembled at BMW's in, England.

The Mini Convertible and are assembled at in, the Mini Hatch/Hardtop is also assembled here besides the Oxford plant. The Paceman was till 2016 assembled by in Austria. A total of 301,526 Mini vehicles were sold worldwide in 2012. Mini vehicles have been active in rallying and the Mini Cooper S won the Monte Carlo Rally on three occasions, in 1964, 1965 and 1967. Mini has participated in the since 2011 through the.

In April 2013, Peter Schwarzenbauer became new Mini marque's managing director, succeeding Jochen Goller. 1959 Morris Mini-Minor The original two-door Mini was a small car produced by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and its successors from 1959 until 2000. It is considered an icon of the 1960s, and its space-saving front-wheel-drive layout (which allowed 80% of the area of the car's to be used for passengers and luggage) influenced a generation of car-makers. The vehicle is in some ways considered the British equivalent to its German contemporary, the, which enjoyed similar popularity in North America. In 1999 the Mini was voted the second most influential, behind the.

This distinctive two-door car was designed for BMC. It was manufactured at the and plants in England, the Victoria Park / Zetland factory in, Australia, and later also in Spain , Belgium, Chile, Italy , Portugal, South Africa, Uruguay, Venezuela and Yugoslavia. The Mini had three major UK updates: the Mark II, the Clubman and the Mark III. Within these was a series of variations including an, a, a and the —a -like buggy.

The Mini Cooper and Cooper 'S' were sportier versions that were successful as, winning the four times from 1964 through to 1967, although in 1966 the Mini was disqualified after the finish, along with six other British entrants, which included the first four cars to finish, under a questionable ruling that the cars had used an illegal combination of headlamps and spotlights. Initially Minis were marketed under the Austin and Morris names, as the Austin Seven and Morris Mini-Minor, until Mini became a in its own right in 1969. The Mini was again marketed under the Austin name in the 1980s.

1990 to 2000. Mini Cooper S, 2000 In the 1990s, was seeking to broaden its model range through the addition of compact cars and SUVs. This sparked a series of compact car concept vehicles from the company during the early 1990s. The first were the E1 and Z13, powered by an electric motor and a rear-mounted 1100 cc BMW motorcycle engine, respectively.

In early 1994, BMW acquired the Rover Group from British Aerospace, which owned Mini, among other brands. BMW insisted that even a compact model must feature iconic BMW characteristics (such as ) to uphold the company's standards and image. The 'MINI' brand, however, did not share these standards and BMW saw this as an opportunity to create a competitively priced, yet premium, compact car.

This formed BMW's plan to launch the premium and the mid-range Mini. It was at around this time that Rover, too, was working on a successor to the original Mini. Its first concept was the ACV30 which was unveiled at the 1997. The name was partially an acronym of Anniversary Concept Vehicle, whilst the '30' represented the 30 years that had passed since a Mini first won the Monte Carlo Rally. The vehicle itself was a two-door coupe powered by a rear-mounted engine. Just months later, Rover released another concept, this time, a pair of vehicles called Spiritual and Spiritual Too.

These vehicles were a more realistic attempt to create a modern Mini, and coincided with BMW's official creation of the Mini project. Although the two-door and four-door pair wore Mini badges, both vehicles remained purely concepts. In 1998, BMW set out on creating the production Mini. The first aspect that was considered was the design, which was chosen from 15 full-sized design studies. Five of these designs came from BMW Germany, another five from BMW Designworks in California, four from Rover and one from an outside studio in Italy. The chosen design was from BMW Designworks and was designed by American designer,.

Stephenson penned the new Mini One R50 and Mini Cooper leading the team which developed the E50 car in Munich (parallel development in England by the team at Rover having been dropped in 1995). This design, being a, also fitted into BMW's plan of two compact cars, leaving the class for the BMW 1 Series. After the launch of the new Mini, Stephenson told automotive magazine: “ We wanted the first impression when you walk up to the car to be 'it could only be a Mini' ” — Frank Stephenson 2000 to present The last Mark VII Mini, and the 5,387,862nd and final original two-door Mini to be produced, a red Cooper Sport, was built at the Longbridge plant in October 2000. The car was driven off the production line by the pop singer, and was subsequently housed at the in Gaydon, alongside the first Mini Mark I ever made. The new generation Mini Hatch/Hardtop went on sale in July 2001 and was an immediate sales success. In February 2005, BMW announced an investment of £100 million in the Mini plant in Oxford, United Kingdom, creating 200 new jobs and enabling production output to be increased by 20%.

At the in January 2011, BMW announced that it would be extending the Mini range with the launch of two new two-door sports crossover vehicles based on the concept car, with a coupe version planned to enter production in 2011 and a roadster to follow in 2012. In June 2011, BMW announced an investment of £500 million in the UK over the subsequent three years as part of an expansion of the Mini range to seven models. In July 2017, BMW has announced that an electric Mini model will be built at the Cowley plant, in Oxford, that will start production in 2019.

It will also be produced in China. Production models Mini Mark I (1959 to 1967). Main article: Launched in August 1959, the Mark 1 Mini (code name ADO 15) was initially marketed as the Austin Seven and Morris Mini-Minor. Mark I Minis can be identified by exterior door hinges, sliding door glass, tail lights smaller than later cars and a “mustache” grille. The A-series engine came in a wide range of capacities, initially as an 848 cc, but later the 997, 998, 1071 and 1275 cc engines were added. The non-Cooper cars had gearboxes with the “magic wand” selector, with 4-speeds (no synchromesh on 1st) while the Coopers has a remote shift selector. An automatic, 4-speed transmission was introduced in 1965.

In 1960, a 2-seater van was launched, along with an estate, both sharing a longer wheelbase In 1961 the pickup was introduced, also based on the longer wheelbase Mini Mark II (1967 to 1970). A Mark VI Mini, in production from 1990 to 1995.

The Mark III Mini was launched in 1969, which was an updated version of Mark II with a modified bodyshell. The most visible changes were larger doors with concealed hinges. The boot lid lost the original hinged number plate and its recess shape and a large rear colour-coded lamp was fitted in its place, along with larger rear side windows.

Sliding windows were replaced with winding windows—although some Australian-manufactured Mark I Minis had adopted this feature in 1965 (with opening quarterlight windows). The suspension reverted from to rubber cones. As a cost-saving measure. Production at the Cowley plant was ended, and the simple name 'Mini' completely replaced the separate Austin and Morris brands.

The Mark IV, launched in 1976, introduced a front rubber mounted subframe with single tower bolts and larger bushes in the rear frame. In addition twin stalk indicators were introduced with larger foot pedals, and from 1977 onwards the rear indicator lamps had the reverse lights incorporated in them. The Mark V, launched in 1984, introduced 8.4-inch (210 mm) brake discs and plastic wheel arches (mini special arches) but retained the same Mark IV body shell shape.

For the Mark VI, launched in 1990, the engine mounting points were moved forward to take 1,275 cc power units, and includes the HIF carburettor version, plus the single point fuel injected car which came out in 1991. The 998 cc power units were discontinued. Internal bonnet release were fitted from 1992. The Mark VII, launched in 1996, was the final version of the original two-door Mini. For this model twin point injection with front-mounted radiator was introduced, along with a full-width dashboard and driver's side airbag. Mini Hatch/Hardtop (2001 to 2006). A 2004 Mini One Hatch (pre-facelift model) All Mini models since 2001 have different variants, including One (entry-level), Cooper, Cooper S (sporty), and John Cooper Works (JCW) (high-end).

The hatchback/hardtop Mini was the first model of the new generation Mini, introduced in 2001, and was back then known as simply Mini. It was available in Cooper, Cooper S and One variations at launch.

In many European markets, the Mini One was powered by a 1.4 litre version of the but all other powered Minis used the 1.6 litre I4 version. The names Cooper and Cooper S followed the names used for the sportier version of the classic Mini, which in turn come from the involvement of and the Cooper Car Company. The Cooper heritage was further emphasised with the John Cooper Works (JCW) range of tuning options that are available with the Mini.

John Cooper also created a one-off racing model of the Mini Cooper S named the Mini Cooper S Works. This car featured many extras which help to improve performance, such as a racing exhaust and air filter as well as uprated suspension. The car also had one-of-a-kind 17-inch (430 mm) racing wheels. The Mk I Mini One, Cooper and Cooper S used some version of the reliable, Brazilian-built, co-developed by & BMW; the Mini One D used a -built diesel engine. In August 2006, BMW announced that future engines would be built in the UK, making the car essentially British-built again; final assembly took place at, and the body pressings were made in nearby at BMW's Swindon Pressings Ltd subsidiary.

The last Mk I variant was the Mini Cooper S with GP Kit: a light-weight, quasi-race-prepped model. Hand-finished by in Italy, it was offered as a limited-production run of 2,000 cars during the 2006 model year, with 444 of those originally intended for the UK market (although ultimately, 459 were sold). Mini Convertible/Cabrio (2005 to 2008). A 2006 Mini Cooper S Convertible At the 2004, Mini introduced a model which was released in the 2005 model year and available in One, Cooper and Cooper S trim versions.

The convertible roof is fully automatic—an unusual feature in such a small car—and can be opened partially to act as a whilst the car is driving at speed. The convertible model forsakes the rear hatchback of the Hardtop Mini, replacing it with a drop down 'tailgate' that is reminiscent of the classic Mini—it incorporates similarly prominent external hinges, and with the roof in the closed position, the rear roof section and luggage shelf can be raised with two handles, semi-tailgate style, to access the luggage space easier. The convertible also adds two small power windows for the rear seat passengers which are lowered automatically when the roof opens.

The roof is made from a heavy cloth, with many layers of insulation; the rear window is glass with an integral heater/defroster, but no washer or wiper. At the 2007, Mini introduced the limited edition Mini Cooper S Sidewalk Convertible.

It had a top speed of 215 km/h (134 mph) and accelerates from 0 to 100 kilometres per hour (0 to 62 mph) in 7.9 seconds. The engine provides 168 hp (125 kW) and 220 N⋅m (160 lbf⋅ft) of torque. A 2009 Mini Cooper Hatch. Mini introduced an all-new second generation of the Hardtop/Hatch model in November 2006, on a re-engineered incorporating many stylistic and engineering changes.

It utilises the, the architecture of which is shared with and is designed to be more cost-effective and fuel-efficient, and is manufactured at the BMW Hams Hall engine plant in Warwickshire, United Kingdom. The development and engineering was done in Munich, Germany at BMW Group headquarters, and by external third parties.

Although the new model looks very similar to its predecessor, every panel was different and new safety requirements resulted in the overall length increasing by 60 mm (2.4 in). The second generation Mini was introduced in the Cooper and Cooper S trim levels; the range was added to in 2007 with the Mini One.

For the first time, there was a diesel-powered Cooper, available from April 2007, and badged as the Cooper D, which was supplemented in January 2011 with a new 2.0 L diesel for the automatic Cooper and high performance Cooper SD. The Convertible and Clubman versions followed later. In 2009, the Mini First trim level was launched in the UK, which is a low-end, petrol-only version, with less power and a lower speed.

The Mini John Cooper Works Challenge is a purpose-built race car, based on the Mini Hatch, and manufactured in the factory located in Munich. It was unveiled in 2007 at the IAA Motor Show. In 2009 a John Cooper Works World Championship 50 special edition was unveiled in 2009 Mini United Festival in Silverstone. Mini Clubman (2008 to 2014).

A Mini Cooper S Clubman The Mini Clubman is an Mini, introduced for the 2008 model year and available in One, Cooper, Cooper S, and Cooper D variations. While identical to the Hatch/Hardtop from the B-pillars forward, the Clubman is 240 mm (9.4 in) longer overall, with a correspondingly stretched wheelbase that is 80 mm (3.1 in) longer; this provides more rear-seat leg room and substantially increased cargo space when compared to the Hardtop—160 mm (6.3 in) longer, giving 260 litres (9.2 cubic feet) of space. It has twin 'barn doors,' alternately referred to as 'the Splitdoor,' enclosing the boot instead of a pull-up hatch, and also features a 'Clubdoor' on the right-hand side regardless of the intended market. This means that in right-hand drive markets, the rear door is on the road side of the car, requiring rear passengers to exit into the road. Engine and transmission selections are identical to those used in the Hatch/Hardtop model, except the 66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp) One Diesel; and the rear suspension set-up shares many of the same designs features including the rear trailing arms and the anti-roll bars.

The use of the name 'Clubman' for the Mini estate van was a break with classic Mini tradition. 'Clubman' was originally the name given to the 1970s face-lift of the classic Mini, which mostly resulted in a squared-off front end, whereas the classic Mini estates had traditionally been named 'Traveller' or 'Countryman'. However, BMW did not initially purchase the rights to use those names. Mini Convertible (2009 to 2015). Mini Countryman The Mini Countryman was announced in January 2010, and formally launched at the 2010. It is the first Mini, and the first five-door model to be launched in the BMW-era. It is offered with a choice of two- or four-wheel drive (known as ALL4), and with 1.6 L petrol or diesel and 2.0 L diesel in various states of tune.

Sales started in September 2010 as a 2011 model-year vehicle. The Countryman has a longer wheelbase, more interior room, and higher ground clearance than the Clubman. Chemistry chapter 18 study guide acids and bases. It uses the same engines as the Hatch/Clubman range, but with an optional powertrain (dubbed 'ALL4') to allow minimal off-road and rugged terrain driving. A six-speed is standard on all models, with available on all petrol and diesel models except the 90 bhp One D. In, the main assembly plant for the Mini range. Before BMW's ownership, the traditional Mini had been made at both, and,.

In time, production was rationalised to just Longbridge and so this was where the last of the cars were made, making Longbridge the 'natural home' for the new Mini prior to BMW splitting up the company. However, as a result of the change of ownership, BMW redeveloped the entire Cowley plant, demolishing much of the factory, to create a new factory and renamed this ', on the site of what was historically the 's Cowley Body Plant and next door to what was historically the Morris factory. Since 2006, Plant Hams Hall produces the new Mini petrol engines, Plant Oxford is responsible for the body shell production, paint and assembly, and Plant Swindon produces body pressings and sub-assemblies, creating the 'Mini Production Triangle'.

Mini claim that 60% of components of the Mini Mk II come from suppliers based in the UK compared to 40% for the 2001 model. The Countryman is the first modern Mini assembled outside the UK, with the contract won by in Austria. At 4,000 employees, referred to as 'associates', produce up to 800 cars each day (approximately 240,000 per year).

The bodyshop at Cowley holds 429 robots, assembling 425 body panels; the bodyshells are then moved to the neighbouring paint shop where apply the 14 exterior colour options and optional contrasting roof colours. Final assembly is performed at Cowley, which involves the fitting of 2,400 components to produce the numerous variants that may be ordered. All Prince four-cylinder petrol engines for Mini and BMW are produced at the Plant near Birmingham, United Kingdom, which has around 800 employees. Diesel engines are manufactured by BMW's Plant Steyr in Austria, having previously been manufactured in France and England by PSA. Mini sub-assemblies and pressings such as doors are supplied by the plant at, where 1,000 are employed and 280 pressed parts are produced using 135. The Swindon plant was originally Swindon Pressings Ltd, founded in 1955 by the and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the BMW Group in May 2000.

Minis are primarily developed in the United Kingdom by BMW's Development Division. In 2013, assembly of the Countryman was expanded to three international locations: from April 2013 at BMW's plant near Chennai, India, specifically for the Indian market from June 2013 at the BMW Group Malaysia Assembly Plant in Kulim, Kedah, and at the BMW Manufacturing Thailand plant in Rayong from August 2013. Since 2014 cars have also been assembled under contract by near in. Sales A total of around 5.3 million of the original two-door Minis were sold, making it by far the most popular British car of all time. Thousands of these are still on the road, with the remaining pre-1980s versions being firmly established as collectors' items.

Deliveries of Minis has ranged from 188,077 in 2006 to 232,425 in 2008. In 2009 216,538 cars were delivered, with 69.3% being Mini Hatch/Hardtop, 13.1% Convertible models and 17.6% the Clubman variant. Over 53% were the Cooper version, with 26.2% Cooper S, and the basic One 20.2%. In 2009, the Mini was Britain's seventh best selling car—the first time that a BMW-era Mini had appeared among the nation's top 10 selling cars. It also was Britain's seventh best selling car in June 2010.

Mini sales worldwide were up 22% in 2011 over 2010, with 285,000 cars delivered across the globe. In the U.S., the brand's largest market, 57,000 were sold in 2011, a 26% increase over 2010.

The next two largest markets, the United Kingdom and Germany, saw 13% and 28% sales increases over 2010, respectively. A total of 301,526 Mini vehicles were sold worldwide in 2012. The largest national market was the United States, with 66,123 units sold, followed by the United Kingdom with 50,367. The Mini Countryman sold a total of 102,250 units in the year. Mini E The Mini E is a front-wheel drive powered version of the Mini and was unveiled in 2008 at the, with an electric motor rated 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) and 220 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft), 380 V 35 kilowatt-hours (130 MJ) with distance of 240 kilometres (150 mi). It has top speed of 152 km/h (94 mph). The are built in the Mini factory in Oxford, while batteries, electric drive and power electronics are manufactured in Munich.

The components are then shipped to a specially equipped manufacturing complex, situated on BMW plant premises where the electric motor, battery units, performance electronics and transmission can be integrated. The Mini E is a demonstration car part of BMW's 'Project i', which will be followed in mid-2011 by a similar trial with the , which will be built based on the lessons learned from the Mini E field testing.

The last phase of 'Project i' is the development of the (MCV) urban electric car, a new brand that will be sold separately from BMW or Mini, and is expected to go into between 2013 and 2015. Field testing began in June 2009 and 450 Mini E were made available through leasing to private users in and the / area. In May 2010 BMW announced that leasing could be renewed for another year at a lower leasing price. Another field test was launched in the UK in December 2009, where more than 40 Mini E cars were handed to private users for a two consecutive six-month field trial periods. Additional field testing is taking place in Germany and France. This trial program allowed the to become the world's first major car manufacturer to deploy a fleet of more than 500 all-electric vehicles for private use. Concept cars.

Mini John Cooper Works GP Concept Alternative fuel versions BMW demonstrated a -powered internal combustion technology in some of their concept cars in 2000 and 2001, and Mini showcased a hydrogen-powered concept car in 2001 at the Frankfurt Auto Show. The car differs from -motor hydrogen concepts, such as the in that it uses a cylinder-based. An all-electric Mini is in use at the British Embassy in Mexico that uses around 200 kilograms (440 lb) of Lithium Ion batteries. Three electric Minis were also made for use in some subway scenes in the 2003 movie to satisfy the subway authorities concerns over possible carbon monoxide poisoning.

developed a prototype series-hybrid conversion, called 'Mini QED', replacing the drivetrain with an 160 bhp (120 kW) electric motor in each wheel and an efficient on-board petrol generator. The 1964 Morris Mini Cooper S, winner of the 1965 The Mini Cooper S won the in 1964, 1965 and 1967. Minis were initially placed first, second and third in the 1966 rally as well, but were controversially disqualified for the use of a variable resistance dimming circuit in place of a dual-filament lamp. An R56 Challenge vehicle was entered in the 2008 Mini Challenge. The Mini Challenge Motorsport Category runs globally, with the categories in Germany, Australia, England, and commencing in 2010.

RSR Motorsports has entered three Mini Coopers in the Street Tuner class. Mini Countryman WRC.

Mini owners were invited to bring their cars to the world premiere of The original two-door Mini has won numerous awards, perhaps the most notable being: 'Car of the Century' ( magazine 1995), 'Number One Classic Car of All Time' ( magazine 1996) and 'European Car of the Century' in a worldwide poll run by the prestigious in 1999. The original Mini achieved second place for 'Global Car of the Century' in the same poll (behind the ). The Mini Cooper/Cooper S (2001–2006) won the award in 2003. The convertible model won the Most Spirited/Entry-Level category of the 2005. Following the launch of the Mk II Mini, Top Gear named the new Cooper S their Small Car of the Year 2006. The car was runner up in the 2007.

In 2008 the green version of the Mini, the Mini Cooper D, was nominated for Car of the Year Awards. The judges commended the Cooper D for its EfficientDynamics stop-start and regenerative braking technology and were impressed by the car's driving experience. The Cooper D reached the shortlist for the Green Car Awards, but lost to the. In April 2010 included the Mini Cooper as one of its Top 10 Green Cars for 2010., the designer of the suspension system for the original two-door Mini, spoke about the new Mini in an interview with MiniWorld magazine: 'It's enormous—the original Mini was the best packaged car of all time—this is an example of how not to do it. It's huge on the outside and weighs the same as an Austin Maxi. The crash protection has been taken too far.

I mean, what do you want, an armoured car? It is an irrelevance insofar as it has no part in the Mini story.' The -winning automotive journalist has suggested that, with the introduction of the Countryman, Mini had pushed the marque beyond relevance by making a car so long, wide and tall it forsook the inner logic of the brand: excellent handling in a tiny size. In the 2013 which took place on 5 June 2013, Mini won an award for its from the Mini Cooper S for the third time in a row in the category of 1.4 to 1.8 liter engines. The engine has 'twin-scroll turbocharging with an overboost function, direct petrol injection and valve control based on the Valvetronic system' and has an output of 135 kW/184 hp and provides enough power for the Mini Cooper S to accelerate from 0-100 in 7.0 seconds and in 2013 is available for and and an ALL-4 transmission can also be added to the configuration. See also.

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